ABSTRACT
The occurrence of hiatal hernia after total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction is rare. We report the case of a 76-year-old man who presented with dyspnea, vomiting, and fever around 8 days after total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction. Abdominal computed tomography revealed a hiatal hernia containing part of the small intestine in the left thoracic cavity. Emergent reduction and repair of the hiatal hernia were performed later. Operative findings revealed that the Roux limb was incarcerated in the left pleural cavity. Esophagojejunostomy leakage, perforation of the small intestine with transient ischemic change, and pyothorax were also found. Thus, feeding jejunostomy, thoracoscopic decortication, and diversion T-tube esophagostomy were performed. Considering that the main cause of hiatal hernia is blunt dissection with division of the phrenoesophageal membrane, approximating the crus with 1 or 2 figure-8 sutures, according to the size of the defect, to prevent the incidence of hiatal hernia after total gastrectomy may be performed.
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Dyspnea , Empyema, Pleural , Esophagostomy , Extremities , Fever , Gastrectomy , Hernia , Hernia, Hiatal , Incidence , Intestine, Small , Jejunostomy , Membranes , Pleural Cavity , Stomach Neoplasms , Sutures , Thoracic Cavity , VomitingABSTRACT
Polysaccharide from traditional Chinese herb, Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk. (SD) was extracted, fractionated and characterized in this work. Four fractions were prepared. Their molecular weight, monosaccharide compositions, linkage modes and structural properties were characterized with SEC-MALS-RI, HPAEC-PAD, GC-MS and NMR. SDP1 was assigned as a 1, 4-α-glucan with small amount of O-6 linked branches. SDP2 contained a big amount of the 1, 4-α-glucan and a small amount of arabinogalactan, while SDP3 possessed relatively lower amount of the 1, 4-α-glucan and a big amount of the arabinogalactan. SDP4 was defined as a pectic arabinogalactan. Four fractions showed antioxidant activities in both molecular and cellular levels and their activity was ranked as SDP4 ≈ SDP3>SDP2>SDP1. The 1, 4-α-glucan in SDP1 had the weakest, while SDP3 and SDP4 showed similar and the highest antioxidant activity. The arabinogalactan was the major component of both SDP3 and SDP4, which significantly contributed to the antioxidant activity of SDP.
ABSTRACT
The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of ethanol extracts of Rabdosia japonica var. glaucocalyx (Maxim.) Hara (RJ) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice and the possible underlying mechanisms of action. The mice were orally administrated with RJ extract (16, 32 or 64 mg(kg(-1)) daily for consecutive7 days before LPS challenge. The ung specimens and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected for histopathological examinations and biochemical analyses. Pretreatment with RJ significantly enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and reduced the wet-to-dry weight (W/D) ratio, the levels of nitric oxide (NO) and protein leakage, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in mice with ALI, in a dose-dependent manner. RJ reduced complement deposition and significantly attenuated LPS-induced ALI by reducing productions of inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). The results demonstrated that RJ may attenuate LPS-induced ALI via reducing the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, and reducing complement deposition and radicals.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Acute Lung Injury , Drug Therapy , Anti-Inflammatory Agents , Pharmacology , Therapeutic Uses , Antioxidants , Metabolism , Pharmacology , Therapeutic Uses , Complement System Proteins , Metabolism , Inflammation Mediators , Metabolism , Isodon , Chemistry , Lipopolysaccharides , Lung , Metabolism , Nitric Oxide , Metabolism , Peroxidase , Metabolism , Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts , Pharmacology , Therapeutic Uses , Superoxide Dismutase , MetabolismABSTRACT
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the signifi cance of positive expression of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, (MTB) antigen in the cerebrospinal fl uid (CSF) monocytes in diagnosing tuberculous meningitis (TBM). Materials and Methods: A total of 50 inpatients of TBM, 30 viral meningitis and 20 healthy controls were studied at the 1st, 2nd, and 4th week during their treatment course. Immunohistochemical assay were used to detect early secreted antigenic target 6 (ESAT-6) positive cells, and positive cases were also observed. Results: The percentage of positive cases and positive cells of ESAT-6 in CSF monocytes were all higher in the 1st and 2nd week than in the 4th week in TBM patients (P < 0.01); and percentage of positive cases and positive cells of MTB antigen in CSF monocytes were higher in TBM patients than in viral meningitis and health control in the 1st and 2nd week (P < 0.01). The sensitivity was 90% and the specifi city was 92% in the early stage (within 2 weeks) of TBM. Conclusion: The positive expression of ESAT-6 in CSF monocytes is helpful for the early diagnosis of TBM.
ABSTRACT
To study the chemical constituents of Rabdosia japonica var. glaucocalyx and their anti-complementary activity on the basis of preliminary studies. Target isolation guided by anti-complementary activity test, compounds in the chloroform and n-butanol fractions were isolated and purified by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies, and preparative HPLC. The structures were identified by various spectroscopic data including ESI-MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR data. The compounds were evaluated for anti-complementary activity in vitro. Eleven compounds were isolated from the chloroform and n-butanol soluble fractions and identified as stigmasterol (1), stigmas-9 (11) -en-3-ol (2), glaucocalyxin D (3), kamebakaurin (4), maslinic acid (5), corosolic acid (6), minheryins I (7), diosmetin (8), caffeic acid ethylene ester (9), caffeic acid (10) and vitexin (11). Isoquercetrin, rutin, quercetin, 3-methylquercetin, luteolin, 7-methylluteolin, and apigenin which were isolated from the preliminary studies together with compounds 9 and 10 showed inhibition of the complement system by the classical pathway. Compounds 2, 4, 6-9 and 11 were obtained from this plant for the first time. Caffeic acid (10) showed the strongest activity in vitro with a CH50 value of 0.041 g x L(-1).
Subject(s)
Animals , Cricetinae , Female , Male , Antioxidants , Pharmacology , Caffeic Acids , Pharmacology , Chromatography , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Complement Hemolytic Activity Assay , Methods , Complement Inactivating Agents , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Erythrocytes , Esters , Ethylenes , Pharmacology , Isodon , Chemistry , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Plant Components, Aerial , Chemistry , Plant Growth Regulators , Pharmacology , Sheep , Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray IonizationABSTRACT
21 cold-active strains which produced cold-active cellulase were isolated from Bohai Bay. One of the strains CNY01 was a kind of Trichoderma viride and its cellulase activity was 67.30 U/mL. Through UV and DES mutation, the strain CNY086 was bred and its cellulase activity was 92.17 U/mL. The strain CNY086 had stable ability to produce cellulase. Through orthogonal experiment, the optimal condition of the fermentation medium had been tested. The suitable medium was that straw power 1.20%, bran 0.70%, (NH4)2SO4 0.50%, KH2PO4 0.55%, in this condition the cellulase activity came to 108.55 U/mL.
ABSTRACT
Based on the research of text (Ⅰ) which determined the fermentation medium, the fermentation condition of CNY086 including temperature, volume, inoculum and inoculum age had been studied by single factor and orthogonal experiment. The optimum temperature, liquid volume, inoculum and seed age were 15?C, 250 mL/500 mL, 15%, 10 h. Under the conditions above mentioned, enzyme activity reached 104.36 U/mL in 5 L fermentor.
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"Three-multi" overall evaluation system on the teaching effect of Microbiology experiment,which consisted of multi-aspect,multi-angle and multi-level,was discussed in this paper. The evaluation system showed a remarkable effect in stimulating the leaning interests of students especially.
ABSTRACT
The fermentation conditions of high 1.3 -propanediol-producing strain E. aero-N-56 were determined in this Paper. The optimum conditions of producing 1.3-PD were: initial pH 7.0, temperature 30℃, culture time 48 h, inoculum size 9% . Under the optimum conditions: the 1.3-PD productivity reached up to 23.68 g/L?d; the 1,3-PD yield of E. aero-N-56 up to 47.36 g/L in 30 L fermentor.